Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause genital warts and various types of cancer, including cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancer. HPV testing is a medical test that can detect the presence of HPV in the body. Here are some of the things you should know about HPV testing and prevention:
- Who should get tested: HPV testing is recommended for women aged 30 and older, as well as for women who have abnormal Pap test results or other symptoms of cervical cancer. Men who have sex with men may also be recommended for HPV testing.
- How it is done: HPV testing is typically performed during a Pap test or a cervical cancer screening. A healthcare provider will collect a sample of cells from the cervix and send it to a laboratory for analysis.
- Prevention: The most effective way to prevent HPV infection is through vaccination. The HPV vaccine is recommended for both boys and girls aged 11-12, as well as for young adults up to age 26 who have not yet been vaccinated. Condom use can also help reduce the risk of HPV transmission, but it is not completely effective at preventing infection.
- Early detection: HPV testing can help detect the presence of HPV before it leads to the development of cancer. Early detection can lead to earlier treatment and better outcomes.
- Follow-up: If HPV is detected, follow-up testing and monitoring may be recommended. Women who have abnormal Pap test results or who have tested positive for high-risk HPV may be recommended for additional testing, such as a colposcopy, to evaluate the cervix for abnormal cells or pre-cancerous lesions.
Overall, HPV testing is an important tool for detecting the presence of HPV and preventing the development of HPV-related cancers. Vaccination and safe sexual practices can also help reduce the risk of HPV transmission and infection. Women aged 30 and older and those with abnormal Pap test results should speak to their healthcare provider about the benefits and risks of HPV testing and follow-up.